# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# PLEASE DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, IT IS GENERATED AND WILL BE OVERWRITTEN:
# https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-code

from ccxt.async_support.base.exchange import Exchange
from ccxt.abstract.cryptocom import ImplicitAPI
import hashlib
import math
from ccxt.base.types import Account, Any, Balances, Currencies, Currency, DepositAddress, Int, LedgerEntry, Market, Num, Order, OrderBook, OrderRequest, CancellationRequest, OrderSide, OrderType, Position, Str, Strings, Ticker, Tickers, FundingRate, Trade, TradingFeeInterface, TradingFees, Transaction
from typing import List
from ccxt.base.errors import ExchangeError
from ccxt.base.errors import AuthenticationError
from ccxt.base.errors import PermissionDenied
from ccxt.base.errors import AccountNotEnabled
from ccxt.base.errors import ArgumentsRequired
from ccxt.base.errors import BadRequest
from ccxt.base.errors import BadSymbol
from ccxt.base.errors import InsufficientFunds
from ccxt.base.errors import InvalidOrder
from ccxt.base.errors import OrderNotFound
from ccxt.base.errors import NotSupported
from ccxt.base.errors import DDoSProtection
from ccxt.base.errors import RateLimitExceeded
from ccxt.base.errors import OnMaintenance
from ccxt.base.errors import InvalidNonce
from ccxt.base.errors import RequestTimeout
from ccxt.base.decimal_to_precision import TICK_SIZE
from ccxt.base.precise import Precise


class cryptocom(Exchange, ImplicitAPI):

    def describe(self) -> Any:
        return self.deep_extend(super(cryptocom, self).describe(), {
            'id': 'cryptocom',
            'name': 'Crypto.com',
            'countries': ['MT'],
            'version': 'v2',
            'rateLimit': 10,  # 100 requests per second
            'certified': True,
            'pro': True,
            'has': {
                'CORS': False,
                'spot': True,
                'margin': True,
                'swap': True,
                'future': True,
                'option': True,
                'addMargin': False,
                'cancelAllOrders': True,
                'cancelOrder': True,
                'cancelOrders': True,
                'cancelOrdersForSymbols': True,
                'closeAllPositions': False,
                'closePosition': True,
                'createMarketBuyOrderWithCost': False,
                'createMarketOrderWithCost': False,
                'createMarketSellOrderWithCost': False,
                'createOrder': True,
                'createOrders': True,
                'createStopOrder': True,
                'createTriggerOrder': True,
                'editOrder': True,
                'fetchAccounts': True,
                'fetchBalance': True,
                'fetchBidsAsks': False,
                'fetchBorrowInterest': False,
                'fetchBorrowRateHistories': False,
                'fetchBorrowRateHistory': False,
                'fetchClosedOrders': 'emulated',
                'fetchCrossBorrowRate': False,
                'fetchCrossBorrowRates': False,
                'fetchCurrencies': True,
                'fetchDepositAddress': True,
                'fetchDepositAddresses': False,
                'fetchDepositAddressesByNetwork': True,
                'fetchDeposits': True,
                'fetchDepositsWithdrawals': False,
                'fetchDepositWithdrawFee': 'emulated',
                'fetchDepositWithdrawFees': True,
                'fetchFundingHistory': False,
                'fetchFundingRate': True,
                'fetchFundingRateHistory': True,
                'fetchFundingRates': False,
                'fetchGreeks': False,
                'fetchIndexOHLCV': False,
                'fetchIsolatedBorrowRate': False,
                'fetchIsolatedBorrowRates': False,
                'fetchLedger': True,
                'fetchLeverage': False,
                'fetchLeverageTiers': False,
                'fetchMarginAdjustmentHistory': False,
                'fetchMarginMode': False,
                'fetchMarketLeverageTiers': False,
                'fetchMarkets': True,
                'fetchMarkOHLCV': False,
                'fetchMySettlementHistory': False,
                'fetchMyTrades': True,
                'fetchOHLCV': True,
                'fetchOpenOrders': True,
                'fetchOrder': True,
                'fetchOrderBook': True,
                'fetchOrders': True,
                'fetchPosition': True,
                'fetchPositionHistory': False,
                'fetchPositionMode': False,
                'fetchPositions': True,
                'fetchPositionsHistory': False,
                'fetchPremiumIndexOHLCV': False,
                'fetchSettlementHistory': True,
                'fetchStatus': False,
                'fetchTicker': True,
                'fetchTickers': True,
                'fetchTime': False,
                'fetchTrades': True,
                'fetchTradingFee': True,
                'fetchTradingFees': True,
                'fetchTransactionFees': False,
                'fetchTransactions': False,
                'fetchTransfers': False,
                'fetchUnderlyingAssets': False,
                'fetchVolatilityHistory': False,
                'fetchWithdrawals': True,
                'reduceMargin': False,
                'repayCrossMargin': False,
                'repayIsolatedMargin': False,
                'sandbox': True,
                'setLeverage': False,
                'setMarginMode': False,
                'setPositionMode': False,
                'transfer': False,
                'withdraw': True,
            },
            'timeframes': {
                '1m': '1m',
                '5m': '5m',
                '15m': '15m',
                '30m': '30m',
                '1h': '1h',
                '4h': '4h',
                '6h': '6h',
                '12h': '12h',
                '1d': '1D',
                '1w': '7D',
                '2w': '14D',
                '1M': '1M',
            },
            'urls': {
                'logo': 'https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1294454/147792121-38ed5e36-c229-48d6-b49a-48d05fc19ed4.jpeg',
                'test': {
                    'v1': 'https://uat-api.3ona.co/exchange/v1',
                    'v2': 'https://uat-api.3ona.co/v2',
                    'derivatives': 'https://uat-api.3ona.co/v2',
                },
                'api': {
                    'base': 'https://api.crypto.com',
                    'v1': 'https://api.crypto.com/exchange/v1',
                    'v2': 'https://api.crypto.com/v2',
                    'derivatives': 'https://deriv-api.crypto.com/v1',
                },
                'www': 'https://crypto.com/',
                'referral': {
                    'url': 'https://crypto.com/exch/kdacthrnxt',
                    'discount': 0.75,
                },
                'doc': [
                    'https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html',
                    'https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/spot/index.html',
                    'https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/derivatives/index.html',
                ],
                'fees': 'https://crypto.com/exchange/document/fees-limits',
            },
            'api': {
                'base': {
                    'public': {
                        'get': {
                            'v1/public/get-announcements': 1,  # no description of rate limit
                        },
                    },
                },
                'v1': {
                    'public': {
                        'get': {
                            'public/auth': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-instruments': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-book': 1,
                            'public/get-candlestick': 1,
                            'public/get-trades': 1,
                            'public/get-tickers': 1,
                            'public/get-valuations': 1,
                            'public/get-expired-settlement-price': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-insurance': 1,
                            'public/get-announcements': 1,
                            'public/get-risk-parameters': 1,
                        },
                        'post': {
                            'public/staking/get-conversion-rate': 2,
                        },
                    },
                    'private': {
                        'post': {
                            'private/set-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/user-balance': 10 / 3,
                            'private/user-balance-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-positions': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/amend-order': 4 / 3,  # no description of rate limit
                            'private/create-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-all-orders': 2 / 3,
                            'private/close-position': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-history': 100,
                            'private/get-open-orders': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-detail': 1 / 3,
                            'private/get-trades': 100,
                            'private/change-account-leverage': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-transactions': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-subaccount-transfer': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-subaccount-balances': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-withdrawal': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-currency-networks': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-deposit-address': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-accounts': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-withdrawal-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-deposit-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-fee-rate': 2,
                            'private/get-instrument-fee-rate': 2,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-deposit-info': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-deposit-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-withdraw-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-create-withdraw': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-transaction-quota': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-transaction-limit': 10 / 3,
                            'private/fiat/fiat-get-bank-accounts': 10 / 3,
                            'private/staking/stake': 2,
                            'private/staking/unstake': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-staking-position': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-staking-instruments': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-open-stake': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-stake-history': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-reward-history': 2,
                            'private/staking/convert': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-open-convert': 2,
                            'private/staking/get-convert-history': 2,
                            'private/create-isolated-margin-transfer': 10 / 3,
                            'private/change-isolated-margin-leverage': 10 / 3,
                        },
                    },
                },
                'v2': {
                    'public': {
                        'get': {
                            'public/auth': 1,
                            'public/get-instruments': 1,
                            'public/get-book': 1,
                            'public/get-candlestick': 1,
                            'public/get-ticker': 1,
                            'public/get-trades': 1,
                            'public/margin/get-transfer-currencies': 1,
                            'public/margin/get-load-currenices': 1,
                            'public/respond-heartbeat': 1,
                        },
                    },
                    'private': {
                        'post': {
                            'private/set-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-withdrawal': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-withdrawal-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-currency-networks': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-deposit-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-deposit-address': 10 / 3,
                            'private/export/create-export-request': 10 / 3,
                            'private/export/get-export-requests': 10 / 3,
                            'private/export/download-export-output': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-account-summary': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-all-orders': 2 / 3,
                            'private/create-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-open-orders': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-detail': 1 / 3,
                            'private/get-trades': 100,
                            'private/get-accounts': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-subaccount-balances': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-subaccount-transfer': 10 / 3,
                            'private/otc/get-otc-user': 10 / 3,
                            'private/otc/get-instruments': 10 / 3,
                            'private/otc/request-quote': 100,
                            'private/otc/accept-quote': 100,
                            'private/otc/get-quote-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/otc/get-trade-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/otc/create-order': 10 / 3,
                        },
                    },
                },
                'derivatives': {
                    'public': {
                        'get': {
                            'public/auth': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-instruments': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-book': 1,
                            'public/get-candlestick': 1,
                            'public/get-trades': 1,
                            'public/get-tickers': 1,
                            'public/get-valuations': 1,
                            'public/get-expired-settlement-price': 10 / 3,
                            'public/get-insurance': 1,
                        },
                    },
                    'private': {
                        'post': {
                            'private/set-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-cancel-on-disconnect': 10 / 3,
                            'private/user-balance': 10 / 3,
                            'private/user-balance-history': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-positions': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/create-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-order': 2 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-order-list': 10 / 3,
                            'private/cancel-all-orders': 2 / 3,
                            'private/close-position': 10 / 3,
                            'private/convert-collateral': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-history': 100,
                            'private/get-open-orders': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-detail': 1 / 3,
                            'private/get-trades': 100,
                            'private/change-account-leverage': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-transactions': 10 / 3,
                            'private/create-subaccount-transfer': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-subaccount-balances': 10 / 3,
                            'private/get-order-list': 10 / 3,
                        },
                    },
                },
            },
            'fees': {
                'trading': {
                    'maker': self.parse_number('0.0025'),
                    'taker': self.parse_number('0.005'),
                    'tiers': {
                        'maker': [
                            [self.parse_number('0'), self.parse_number('0.0025')],
                            [self.parse_number('10000'), self.parse_number('0.002')],
                            [self.parse_number('50000'), self.parse_number('0.0015')],
                            [self.parse_number('250000'), self.parse_number('0.001')],
                            [self.parse_number('500000'), self.parse_number('0.0008')],
                            [self.parse_number('2500000'), self.parse_number('0.00065')],
                            [self.parse_number('10000000'), self.parse_number('0')],
                            [self.parse_number('25000000'), self.parse_number('0')],
                            [self.parse_number('100000000'), self.parse_number('0')],
                            [self.parse_number('250000000'), self.parse_number('0')],
                            [self.parse_number('500000000'), self.parse_number('0')],
                        ],
                        'taker': [
                            [self.parse_number('0'), self.parse_number('0.005')],
                            [self.parse_number('10000'), self.parse_number('0.004')],
                            [self.parse_number('50000'), self.parse_number('0.0025')],
                            [self.parse_number('250000'), self.parse_number('0.002')],
                            [self.parse_number('500000'), self.parse_number('0.0018')],
                            [self.parse_number('2500000'), self.parse_number('0.001')],
                            [self.parse_number('10000000'), self.parse_number('0.0005')],
                            [self.parse_number('25000000'), self.parse_number('0.0004')],
                            [self.parse_number('100000000'), self.parse_number('0.00035')],
                            [self.parse_number('250000000'), self.parse_number('0.00031')],
                            [self.parse_number('500000000'), self.parse_number('0.00025')],
                        ],
                    },
                },
            },
            'options': {
                'defaultType': 'spot',
                'accountsById': {
                    'funding': 'SPOT',
                    'spot': 'SPOT',
                    'margin': 'MARGIN',
                    'derivatives': 'DERIVATIVES',
                    'swap': 'DERIVATIVES',
                    'future': 'DERIVATIVES',
                },
                'networks': {
                    'BEP20': 'BSC',
                    'ERC20': 'ETH',
                    'TRC20': 'TRON',
                },
                'broker': 'CCXT',
            },
            'features': {
                'default': {
                    'sandbox': True,
                    'createOrder': {
                        'marginMode': True,
                        'triggerPrice': True,
                        # todo: implementation fix
                        'triggerPriceType': {
                            'last': True,
                            'mark': True,
                            'index': True,
                        },
                        'triggerDirection': False,
                        'stopLossPrice': True,
                        'takeProfitPrice': True,
                        'attachedStopLossTakeProfit': None,
                        'timeInForce': {
                            'IOC': True,
                            'FOK': True,
                            'PO': True,
                            'GTD': False,
                        },
                        'hedged': False,
                        'selfTradePrevention': True,  # todo: implement
                        'trailing': False,
                        'iceberg': False,
                        'leverage': False,
                        'marketBuyByCost': True,
                        'marketBuyRequiresPrice': True,
                    },
                    'createOrders': {
                        'max': 10,
                    },
                    'fetchMyTrades': {
                        'marginMode': False,
                        'limit': 100,
                        'daysBack': None,
                        'untilDays': 1,
                        'symbolRequired': False,
                    },
                    'fetchOrder': {
                        'marginMode': False,
                        'trigger': False,
                        'trailing': False,
                        'symbolRequired': False,
                    },
                    'fetchOpenOrders': {
                        'marginMode': True,
                        'limit': 100,
                        'trigger': False,
                        'trailing': False,
                        'symbolRequired': False,
                    },
                    'fetchOrders': {
                        'marginMode': False,
                        'limit': 100,
                        'daysBack': None,
                        'untilDays': 1,
                        'trigger': False,
                        'trailing': False,
                        'symbolRequired': False,
                    },
                    'fetchClosedOrders': {
                        'marginMode': False,
                        'limit': 100,
                        'daysBack': None,
                        'daysBackCanceled': None,
                        'untilDays': 1,
                        'trigger': False,
                        'trailing': False,
                        'symbolRequired': False,
                    },
                    'fetchOHLCV': {
                        'limit': 300,
                    },
                },
                'spot': {
                    'extends': 'default',
                    'fetchCurrencies': {
                        'private': True,
                    },
                },
                'swap': {
                    'linear': {
                        'extends': 'default',
                    },
                    'inverse': {
                        'extends': 'default',
                    },
                },
                'future': {
                    'linear': {
                        'extends': 'default',
                    },
                    'inverse': {
                        'extends': 'default',
                    },
                },
            },
            # https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/spot/index.html#response-and-reason-codes
            'commonCurrencies': {
                'USD_STABLE_COIN': 'USDC',
            },
            'precisionMode': TICK_SIZE,
            'exceptions': {
                'exact': {
                    '213': InvalidOrder,  # {"id" : 1778510838168, "method" : "private/create-order", "code" : 213, "message" : "Invalid quantity format"}
                    '219': InvalidOrder,
                    '306': InsufficientFunds,  # {"id" : 1753xxx, "method" : "private/amend-order", "code" : 306, "message" : "INSUFFICIENT_AVAILABLE_BALANCE", "result" : {"client_oid" : "1753xxx", "order_id" : "6530xxx"}}
                    '314': InvalidOrder,  # {"id" : 1700xxx, "method" : "private/create-order", "code" : 314, "message" : "EXCEEDS_MAX_ORDER_SIZE", "result" : {"client_oid" : "1700xxx", "order_id" : "6530xxx"}}
                    '315': InvalidOrder,  # {"id" : 1769xxx, "method" : "private/create-order", "code" : 315, "message" : "FAR_AWAY_LIMIT_PRICE", "result" : {"client_oid" : "1769xxx", "order_id" : "6530xxx"}}
                    '325': InvalidOrder,  # {"id" : 1741xxx, "method" : "private/create-order", "code" : 325, "message" : "EXCEED_DAILY_VOL_LIMIT", "result" : {"client_oid" : "1741xxx", "order_id" : "6530xxx"}}
                    '415': InvalidOrder,  # {"id" : 1741xxx, "method" : "private/create-order", "code" : 415, "message" : "BELOW_MIN_ORDER_SIZE", "result" : {"client_oid" : "1741xxx", "order_id" : "6530xxx"}}
                    '10001': ExchangeError,
                    '10002': PermissionDenied,
                    '10003': PermissionDenied,
                    '10004': BadRequest,
                    '10005': PermissionDenied,
                    '10006': DDoSProtection,
                    '10007': InvalidNonce,
                    '10008': BadRequest,
                    '10009': BadRequest,
                    '20001': BadRequest,
                    '20002': InsufficientFunds,
                    '20005': AccountNotEnabled,  # {"id":"123xxx","method":"private/margin/xxx","code":"20005","message":"ACCOUNT_NOT_FOUND"}
                    '30003': BadSymbol,
                    '30004': BadRequest,
                    '30005': BadRequest,
                    '30006': InvalidOrder,
                    '30007': InvalidOrder,
                    '30008': InvalidOrder,
                    '30009': InvalidOrder,
                    '30010': BadRequest,
                    '30013': InvalidOrder,
                    '30014': InvalidOrder,
                    '30016': InvalidOrder,
                    '30017': InvalidOrder,
                    '30023': InvalidOrder,
                    '30024': InvalidOrder,
                    '30025': InvalidOrder,
                    '40001': BadRequest,
                    '40002': BadRequest,
                    '40003': BadRequest,
                    '40004': BadRequest,
                    '40005': BadRequest,
                    '40006': BadRequest,
                    '40007': BadRequest,
                    '40101': AuthenticationError,
                    '40102': InvalidNonce,  # Nonce value differs by more than 60 seconds from server
                    '40103': AuthenticationError,  # IP address not whitelisted
                    '40104': AuthenticationError,  # Disallowed based on user tier
                    '40107': BadRequest,  # Session subscription limit has been exceeded
                    '40401': OrderNotFound,
                    '40801': RequestTimeout,
                    '42901': RateLimitExceeded,
                    '43005': InvalidOrder,  # Rejected POST_ONLY create-order request(normally happened when exec_inst contains POST_ONLY but time_in_force is NOT GOOD_TILL_CANCEL)
                    '43003': InvalidOrder,  # FOK order has not been filled and cancelled
                    '43004': InvalidOrder,  # IOC order has not been filled and cancelled
                    '43012': BadRequest,  # Canceled due to Self Trade Prevention
                    '50001': ExchangeError,
                    '9010001': OnMaintenance,  # {"code":9010001,"message":"SYSTEM_MAINTENANCE","details":"Crypto.com Exchange is currently under maintenance. Please refer to https://status.crypto.com for more details."}
                },
                'broad': {},
            },
        })

    async def fetch_currencies(self, params={}) -> Currencies:
        """
        fetches all available currencies on an exchange

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-currency-networks

        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: an associative dictionary of currencies
        """
        # self endpoint requires authentication
        if not self.check_required_credentials(False):
            return {}
        skipFetchCurrencies = False
        skipFetchCurrencies, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchCurrencies', 'skipFetchCurrencies', False)
        if skipFetchCurrencies:
            # sub-accounts can't access self endpoint
            return {}
        response = {}
        try:
            response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetCurrencyNetworks(params)
        except Exception as e:
            if isinstance(e, ExchangeError):
                # sub-accounts can't access self endpoint
                # {"code":"10001","msg":"SYS_ERROR"}
                return {}
            raise e
            # do nothing
            # sub-accounts can't access self endpoint
        #
        #    {
        #        "id": "1747502328559",
        #        "method": "private/get-currency-networks",
        #        "code": "0",
        #        "result": {
        #            "update_time": "1747502281000",
        #            "currency_map": {
        #                "USDT": {
        #                    "full_name": "Tether USD",
        #                    "default_network": "ETH",
        #                    "network_list": [
        #                        {
        #                            "network_id": "ETH",
        #                            "withdrawal_fee": "10.00000000",
        #                            "withdraw_enabled": True,
        #                            "min_withdrawal_amount": "20.0",
        #                            "deposit_enabled": True,
        #                            "confirmation_required": "32"
        #                        },
        #                        {
        #                            "network_id": "CRONOS",
        #                            "withdrawal_fee": "0.18000000",
        #                            "withdraw_enabled": True,
        #                            "min_withdrawal_amount": "0.35",
        #                            "deposit_enabled": True,
        #                            "confirmation_required": "15"
        #                        },
        #                        {
        #                            "network_id": "SOL",
        #                            "withdrawal_fee": "5.31000000",
        #                            "withdraw_enabled": True,
        #                            "min_withdrawal_amount": "10.62",
        #                            "deposit_enabled": True,
        #                            "confirmation_required": "1"
        #                        }
        #                    ]
        #                }
        #            }
        #        }
        #    }
        #
        resultData = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        currencyMap = self.safe_dict(resultData, 'currency_map', {})
        keys = list(currencyMap.keys())
        result: dict = {}
        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
            key = keys[i]
            currency = currencyMap[key]
            id = key
            code = self.safe_currency_code(id)
            networks: dict = {}
            chains = self.safe_list(currency, 'network_list', [])
            for j in range(0, len(chains)):
                chain = chains[j]
                networkId = self.safe_string(chain, 'network_id')
                network = self.network_id_to_code(networkId)
                networks[network] = {
                    'info': chain,
                    'id': networkId,
                    'network': network,
                    'active': None,
                    'deposit': self.safe_bool(chain, 'deposit_enabled', False),
                    'withdraw': self.safe_bool(chain, 'withdraw_enabled', False),
                    'fee': self.safe_number(chain, 'withdrawal_fee'),
                    'precision': None,
                    'limits': {
                        'withdraw': {
                            'min': self.safe_number(chain, 'min_withdrawal_amount'),
                            'max': None,
                        },
                    },
                }
            result[code] = self.safe_currency_structure({
                'info': currency,
                'id': id,
                'code': code,
                'name': self.safe_string(currency, 'full_name'),
                'active': None,
                'deposit': None,
                'withdraw': None,
                'fee': None,
                'precision': None,
                'limits': {
                    'amount': {
                        'min': None,
                        'max': None,
                    },
                },
                'type': 'crypto',  # only crypto now
                'networks': networks,
            })
        return result

    async def fetch_markets(self, params={}) -> List[Market]:
        """

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-instruments

        retrieves data on all markets for cryptocom
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: an array of objects representing market data
        """
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetInstruments(params)
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1,
        #         "method": "public/get-instruments",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "symbol": "BTC_USDT",
        #                     "inst_type": "CCY_PAIR",
        #                     "display_name": "BTC/USDT",
        #                     "base_ccy": "BTC",
        #                     "quote_ccy": "USDT",
        #                     "quote_decimals": 2,
        #                     "quantity_decimals": 5,
        #                     "price_tick_size": "0.01",
        #                     "qty_tick_size": "0.00001",
        #                     "max_leverage": "50",
        #                     "tradable": True,
        #                     "expiry_timestamp_ms": 0,
        #                     "beta_product": False,
        #                     "margin_buy_enabled": False,
        #                     "margin_sell_enabled": True
        #                 },
        #                 {
        #                     "symbol": "RUNEUSD-PERP",
        #                     "inst_type": "PERPETUAL_SWAP",
        #                     "display_name": "RUNEUSD Perpetual",
        #                     "base_ccy": "RUNE",
        #                     "quote_ccy": "USD",
        #                     "quote_decimals": 3,
        #                     "quantity_decimals": 1,
        #                     "price_tick_size": "0.001",
        #                     "qty_tick_size": "0.1",
        #                     "max_leverage": "50",
        #                     "tradable": True,
        #                     "expiry_timestamp_ms": 0,
        #                     "beta_product": False,
        #                     "underlying_symbol": "RUNEUSD-INDEX",
        #                     "contract_size": "1",
        #                     "margin_buy_enabled": False,
        #                     "margin_sell_enabled": False
        #                 },
        #                 {
        #                     "symbol": "ETHUSD-230825",
        #                     "inst_type": "FUTURE",
        #                     "display_name": "ETHUSD Futures 20230825",
        #                     "base_ccy": "ETH",
        #                     "quote_ccy": "USD",
        #                     "quote_decimals": 2,
        #                     "quantity_decimals": 4,
        #                     "price_tick_size": "0.01",
        #                     "qty_tick_size": "0.0001",
        #                     "max_leverage": "100",
        #                     "tradable": True,
        #                     "expiry_timestamp_ms": 1692950400000,
        #                     "beta_product": False,
        #                     "underlying_symbol": "ETHUSD-INDEX",
        #                     "contract_size": "1",
        #                     "margin_buy_enabled": False,
        #                     "margin_sell_enabled": False
        #                 },
        #                 {
        #                     "symbol": "BTCUSD-230630-CW30000",
        #                     "inst_type": "WARRANT",
        #                     "display_name": "BTCUSD-230630-CW30000",
        #                     "base_ccy": "BTC",
        #                     "quote_ccy": "USD",
        #                     "quote_decimals": 3,
        #                     "quantity_decimals": 0,
        #                     "price_tick_size": "0.001",
        #                     "qty_tick_size": "10",
        #                     "max_leverage": "50",
        #                     "tradable": True,
        #                     "expiry_timestamp_ms": 1688112000000,
        #                     "beta_product": False,
        #                     "underlying_symbol": "BTCUSD-INDEX",
        #                     "put_call": "CALL",
        #                     "strike": "30000",
        #                     "contract_size": "0.0001",
        #                     "margin_buy_enabled": False,
        #                     "margin_sell_enabled": False
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        resultResponse = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(resultResponse, 'data', [])
        result = []
        for i in range(0, len(data)):
            market = data[i]
            inst_type = self.safe_string(market, 'inst_type')
            spot = inst_type == 'CCY_PAIR'
            swap = inst_type == 'PERPETUAL_SWAP'
            future = inst_type == 'FUTURE'
            option = inst_type == 'WARRANT'
            baseId = self.safe_string(market, 'base_ccy')
            quoteId = self.safe_string(market, 'quote_ccy')
            settleId = None if spot else quoteId
            base = self.safe_currency_code(baseId)
            quote = self.safe_currency_code(quoteId)
            settle = None if spot else self.safe_currency_code(settleId)
            optionType = self.safe_string_lower(market, 'put_call')
            strike = self.safe_string(market, 'strike')
            marginBuyEnabled = self.safe_bool(market, 'margin_buy_enabled')
            marginSellEnabled = self.safe_bool(market, 'margin_sell_enabled')
            expiryString = self.omit_zero(self.safe_string(market, 'expiry_timestamp_ms'))
            expiry = int(expiryString) if (expiryString is not None) else None
            symbol = base + '/' + quote
            type = None
            contract = None
            if inst_type == 'CCY_PAIR':
                type = 'spot'
                contract = False
            elif inst_type == 'PERPETUAL_SWAP':
                type = 'swap'
                symbol = symbol + ':' + quote
                contract = True
            elif inst_type == 'FUTURE':
                type = 'future'
                symbol = symbol + ':' + quote + '-' + self.yymmdd(expiry)
                contract = True
            elif inst_type == 'WARRANT':
                type = 'option'
                symbolOptionType = 'C' if (optionType == 'call') else 'P'
                symbol = symbol + ':' + quote + '-' + self.yymmdd(expiry) + '-' + strike + '-' + symbolOptionType
                contract = True
            isLinear = True if (contract) else None
            isInverse = False if (contract) else None
            result.append({
                'id': self.safe_string(market, 'symbol'),
                'symbol': symbol,
                'base': base,
                'quote': quote,
                'settle': settle,
                'baseId': baseId,
                'quoteId': quoteId,
                'settleId': settleId,
                'type': type,
                'spot': spot,
                'margin': ((marginBuyEnabled) or (marginSellEnabled)),
                'swap': swap,
                'future': future,
                'option': option,
                'active': self.safe_bool(market, 'tradable'),
                'contract': contract,
                'linear': isLinear,
                'inverse': isInverse,
                'contractSize': self.safe_number(market, 'contract_size'),
                'expiry': expiry,
                'expiryDatetime': self.iso8601(expiry),
                'strike': self.parse_number(strike),
                'optionType': optionType,
                'precision': {
                    'price': self.parse_number(self.safe_string(market, 'price_tick_size')),
                    'amount': self.parse_number(self.safe_string(market, 'qty_tick_size')),
                },
                'limits': {
                    'leverage': {
                        'min': self.parse_number('1'),
                        'max': self.safe_number(market, 'max_leverage'),
                    },
                    'amount': {
                        'min': None,
                        'max': None,
                    },
                    'price': {
                        'min': None,
                        'max': None,
                    },
                    'cost': {
                        'min': None,
                        'max': None,
                    },
                },
                'created': None,
                'info': market,
            })
        return result

    async def fetch_tickers(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Tickers:
        """
        fetches price tickers for multiple markets, statistical information calculated over the past 24 hours for each market

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-tickers
        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/derivatives/index.html#public-get-tickers

        :param str[]|None symbols: unified symbols of the markets to fetch the ticker for, all market tickers are returned if not assigned
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a dictionary of `ticker structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=ticker-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        request: dict = {}
        if symbols is not None:
            symbol = None
            if isinstance(symbols, list):
                symbolsLength = len(symbols)
                if symbolsLength > 1:
                    raise BadRequest(self.id + ' fetchTickers() symbols argument cannot contain more than 1 symbol')
                symbol = symbols[0]
            else:
                symbol = symbols
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetTickers(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-tickers",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "i": "AVAXUSD-PERP",
        #                     "h": "13.209",
        #                     "l": "12.148",
        #                     "a": "13.209",
        #                     "v": "1109.8",
        #                     "vv": "14017.33",
        #                     "c": "0.0732",
        #                     "b": "13.210",
        #                     "k": "13.230",
        #                     "oi": "10888.9",
        #                     "t": 1687402657575
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_tickers(data, symbols)

    async def fetch_ticker(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Ticker:
        """

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-tickers

        fetches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for a specific market
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=ticker-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        symbol = self.symbol(symbol)
        tickers = await self.fetch_tickers([symbol], params)
        return self.safe_value(tickers, symbol)

    async def fetch_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Order]:
        """
        fetches information on multiple orders made by the user

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-order-history

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market the orders were made in
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for, max date range is one day
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve, default 100 max 100
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :param boolean [params.paginate]: default False, when True will automatically paginate by calling self endpoint multiple times. See in the docs all the [availble parameters](https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#pagination-params)
        :returns Order[]: a list of `order structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        paginate = False
        paginate, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchOrders', 'paginate')
        if paginate:
            return await self.fetch_paginated_call_dynamic('fetchOrders', symbol, since, limit, params)
        market = None
        request: dict = {}
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        if since is not None:
            request['start_time'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['limit'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_time'] = until
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetOrderHistory(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686881486183,
        #         "method": "private/get-order-history",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252e63",
        #                     "order_id": "6142909895014042762",
        #                     "client_oid": "4e918597-1234-4321-8201-a7577e1e1d91",
        #                     "order_type": "MARKET",
        #                     "time_in_force": "GOOD_TILL_CANCEL",
        #                     "side": "SELL",
        #                     "exec_inst": [],
        #                     "quantity": "0.00024",
        #                     "order_value": "5.7054672",
        #                     "maker_fee_rate": "0",
        #                     "taker_fee_rate": "0",
        #                     "avg_price": "25023.97",
        #                     "trigger_price": "0",
        #                     "ref_price": "0",
        #                     "ref_price_type": "NULL_VAL",
        #                     "cumulative_quantity": "0.00024",
        #                     "cumulative_value": "6.0057528",
        #                     "cumulative_fee": "0.001501438200",
        #                     "status": "FILLED",
        #                     "update_user_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252e63",
        #                     "order_date": "2023-06-15",
        #                     "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #                     "fee_instrument_name": "USD",
        #                     "create_time": 1686805465891,
        #                     "create_time_ns": "1686805465891812578",
        #                     "update_time": 1686805465891
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        orders = self.safe_list(data, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_orders(orders, market, since, limit)

    async def fetch_trades(self, symbol: str, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
        """
        get a list of the most recent trades for a particular symbol

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-trades

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest trade to fetch, maximum date range is one day
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of trades to fetch
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :param boolean [params.paginate]: default False, when True will automatically paginate by calling self endpoint multiple times. See in the docs all the [availble parameters](https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#pagination-params)
        :returns Trade[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=public-trades>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        paginate = False
        paginate, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchTrades', 'paginate')
        if paginate:
            return await self.fetch_paginated_call_dynamic('fetchTrades', symbol, since, limit, params)
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
        }
        if since is not None:
            request['start_ts'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['count'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_ts'] = until
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetTrades(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-trades",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "s": "sell",
        #                     "p": "26386.00",
        #                     "q": "0.00453",
        #                     "t": 1686944282062,
        #                     "tn" : 1704476468851524373,
        #                     "d": "4611686018455979970",
        #                     "i": "BTC_USD"
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        trades = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_trades(trades, market, since, limit)

    async def fetch_ohlcv(self, symbol: str, timeframe: str = '1m', since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[list]:
        """
        fetches historical candlestick data containing the open, high, low, and close price, and the volume of a market

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-candlestick

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch OHLCV data for
        :param str timeframe: the length of time each candle represents
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest candle to fetch
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of candles to fetch
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :param boolean [params.paginate]: default False, when True will automatically paginate by calling self endpoint multiple times. See in the docs all the [availble parameters](https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#pagination-params)
        :returns int[][]: A list of candles ordered, open, high, low, close, volume
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        paginate = False
        paginate, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchOHLCV', 'paginate', False)
        if paginate:
            return await self.fetch_paginated_call_deterministic('fetchOHLCV', symbol, since, limit, timeframe, params, 300)
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'timeframe': self.safe_string(self.timeframes, timeframe, timeframe),
        }
        if limit is not None:
            if limit > 300:
                limit = 300
            request['count'] = limit
        now = self.microseconds()
        duration = self.parse_timeframe(timeframe)
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until', now)
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if since is not None:
            request['start_ts'] = since - duration * 1000
            if limit is not None:
                request['end_ts'] = self.sum(since, duration * limit * 1000)
            else:
                request['end_ts'] = until
        else:
            request['end_ts'] = until
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetCandlestick(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-candlestick",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "interval": "1m",
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "o": "26949.89",
        #                     "h": "26957.64",
        #                     "l": "26948.24",
        #                     "c": "26950.00",
        #                     "v": "0.0670",
        #                     "t": 1687237080000
        #                 },
        #             ],
        #             "instrument_name": "BTC_USD"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_ohlcvs(data, market, timeframe, since, limit)

    async def fetch_order_book(self, symbol: str, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
        """
        fetches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-book

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the order book for
        :param int [limit]: the number of order book entries to return, max 50
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
        }
        if limit:
            request['depth'] = min(limit, 50)  # max 50
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetBook(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-book",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "depth": 3,
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "bids": [["30025.00", "0.00004", "1"], ["30020.15", "0.02498", "1"], ["30020.00", "0.00004", "1"]],
        #                     "asks": [["30025.01", "0.04090", "1"], ["30025.70", "0.01000", "1"], ["30026.94", "0.02681", "1"]],
        #                     "t": 1687491287380
        #                 }
        #             ],
        #             "instrument_name": "BTC_USD"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        orderBook = self.safe_value(data, 0)
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(orderBook, 't')
        return self.parse_order_book(orderBook, symbol, timestamp)

    def parse_balance(self, response) -> Balances:
        responseResult = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(responseResult, 'data', [])
        positionBalances = self.safe_value(data[0], 'position_balances', [])
        result: dict = {'info': response}
        for i in range(0, len(positionBalances)):
            balance = positionBalances[i]
            currencyId = self.safe_string(balance, 'instrument_name')
            code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId)
            account = self.account()
            account['total'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'quantity')
            account['used'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'reserved_qty')
            result[code] = account
        return self.safe_balance(result)

    async def fetch_balance(self, params={}) -> Balances:
        """
        query for balance and get the amount of funds available for trading or funds locked in orders

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-user-balance

        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `balance structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=balance-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateUserBalance(params)
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1687300499018,
        #         "method": "private/user-balance",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "total_available_balance": "5.84684368",
        #                     "total_margin_balance": "5.84684368",
        #                     "total_initial_margin": "0",
        #                     "total_maintenance_margin": "0",
        #                     "total_position_cost": "0",
        #                     "total_cash_balance": "6.44412101",
        #                     "total_collateral_value": "5.846843685",
        #                     "total_session_unrealized_pnl": "0",
        #                     "instrument_name": "USD",
        #                     "total_session_realized_pnl": "0",
        #                     "position_balances": [
        #                         {
        #                             "quantity": "0.0002119875",
        #                             "reserved_qty": "0",
        #                             "collateral_weight": "0.9",
        #                             "collateral_amount": "5.37549592",
        #                             "market_value": "5.97277325",
        #                             "max_withdrawal_balance": "0.00021198",
        #                             "instrument_name": "BTC",
        #                             "hourly_interest_rate": "0"
        #                         },
        #                     ],
        #                     "total_effective_leverage": "0",
        #                     "position_limit": "3000000",
        #                     "used_position_limit": "0",
        #                     "total_borrow": "0",
        #                     "margin_score": "0",
        #                     "is_liquidating": False,
        #                     "has_risk": False,
        #                     "terminatable": True
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        return self.parse_balance(response)

    async def fetch_order(self, id: str, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
        """
        fetches information on an order made by the user

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-order-detail

        :param str id: order id
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market the order was made in
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: An `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'order_id': id,
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetOrderDetail(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686872583882,
        #         "method": "private/get-order-detail",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "account_id": "ae075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-bb9007252a63",
        #             "order_id": "6142909895025252686",
        #             "client_oid": "CCXT_c2d2152cc32d40a3ae7fbf",
        #             "order_type": "LIMIT",
        #             "time_in_force": "GOOD_TILL_CANCEL",
        #             "side": "BUY",
        #             "exec_inst": [],
        #             "quantity": "0.00020",
        #             "limit_price": "20000.00",
        #             "order_value": "4",
        #             "avg_price": "0",
        #             "trigger_price": "0",
        #             "ref_price": "0",
        #             "cumulative_quantity": "0",
        #             "cumulative_value": "0",
        #             "cumulative_fee": "0",
        #             "status": "ACTIVE",
        #             "update_user_id": "ae075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-bb9007252a63",
        #             "order_date": "2023-06-15",
        #             "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #             "fee_instrument_name": "BTC",
        #             "create_time": 1686870220684,
        #             "create_time_ns": "1686870220684239675",
        #             "update_time": 1686870220684
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        order = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_order(order, market)

    def create_order_request(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
        market = self.market(symbol)
        uppercaseType = type.upper()
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'side': side.upper(),
            'quantity': self.amount_to_precision(symbol, amount),
        }
        if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
            request['price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, price)
        broker = self.safe_string(self.options, 'broker', 'CCXT')
        request['broker_id'] = broker
        marketType = None
        marginMode = None
        marketType, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params('createOrder', market, params)
        marginMode, params = self.custom_handle_margin_mode_and_params('createOrder', params)
        if (marketType == 'margin') or (marginMode is not None):
            request['spot_margin'] = 'MARGIN'
        elif marketType == 'spot':
            request['spot_margin'] = 'SPOT'
        timeInForce = self.safe_string_upper_2(params, 'timeInForce', 'time_in_force')
        if timeInForce is not None:
            if timeInForce == 'GTC':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'GOOD_TILL_CANCEL'
            elif timeInForce == 'IOC':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'IMMEDIATE_OR_CANCEL'
            elif timeInForce == 'FOK':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'FILL_OR_KILL'
            else:
                request['time_in_force'] = timeInForce
        postOnly = self.safe_bool(params, 'postOnly', False)
        if (postOnly) or (timeInForce == 'PO'):
            request['exec_inst'] = ['POST_ONLY']
            request['time_in_force'] = 'GOOD_TILL_CANCEL'
        triggerPrice = self.safe_string_n(params, ['stopPrice', 'triggerPrice', 'ref_price'])
        stopLossPrice = self.safe_number(params, 'stopLossPrice')
        takeProfitPrice = self.safe_number(params, 'takeProfitPrice')
        isTrigger = (triggerPrice is not None)
        isStopLossTrigger = (stopLossPrice is not None)
        isTakeProfitTrigger = (takeProfitPrice is not None)
        if isTrigger:
            request['ref_price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, triggerPrice)
            priceString = self.number_to_string(price)
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
                if side == 'buy':
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
                else:
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
            else:
                if side == 'buy':
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
                else:
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
        elif isStopLossTrigger:
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT'):
                request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
            else:
                request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
            request['ref_price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, stopLossPrice)
        elif isTakeProfitTrigger:
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
                request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
            else:
                request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
            request['ref_price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, takeProfitPrice)
        else:
            request['type'] = uppercaseType
        params = self.omit(params, ['postOnly', 'clientOrderId', 'timeInForce', 'stopPrice', 'triggerPrice', 'stopLossPrice', 'takeProfitPrice'])
        return self.extend(request, params)

    async def create_order(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
        """
        create a trade order

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-create-order

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
        :param str type: 'market', 'limit', 'stop_loss', 'stop_limit', 'take_profit', 'take_profit_limit'
        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
        :param float amount: how much you want to trade in units of base currency
        :param float [price]: the price at which the order is to be fulfilled, in units of the quote currency, ignored in market orders
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param str [params.timeInForce]: 'GTC', 'IOC', 'FOK' or 'PO'
        :param str [params.ref_price_type]: 'MARK_PRICE', 'INDEX_PRICE', 'LAST_PRICE' which trigger price type to use, default is MARK_PRICE
        :param float [params.triggerPrice]: price to trigger a trigger order
        :param float [params.stopLossPrice]: price to trigger a stop-loss trigger order
        :param float [params.takeProfitPrice]: price to trigger a take-profit trigger order
        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request = self.create_order_request(symbol, type, side, amount, price, params)
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCreateOrder(request)
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686804664362,
        #         "method": "private/create-order",
        #         "code" : 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "order_id": "6540219377766741832",
        #             "client_oid": "CCXT_d6ef7c3db6c1495aa8b757"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_order(result, market)

    async def create_orders(self, orders: List[OrderRequest], params={}):
        """
        create a list of trade orders

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-create-order-list-list
        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-create-order-list-oco

        :param Array orders: list of orders to create, each object should contain the parameters required by createOrder, namely symbol, type, side, amount, price and params
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        ordersRequests = []
        for i in range(0, len(orders)):
            rawOrder = orders[i]
            marketId = self.safe_string(rawOrder, 'symbol')
            type = self.safe_string(rawOrder, 'type')
            side = self.safe_string(rawOrder, 'side')
            amount = self.safe_value(rawOrder, 'amount')
            price = self.safe_value(rawOrder, 'price')
            orderParams = self.safe_dict(rawOrder, 'params', {})
            orderRequest = self.create_advanced_order_request(marketId, type, side, amount, price, orderParams)
            ordersRequests.append(orderRequest)
        contigency = self.safe_string(params, 'contingency_type', 'LIST')
        request: dict = {
            'contingency_type': contigency,  # or OCO
            'order_list': ordersRequests,
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCreateOrderList(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        # {
        #     "id": 12,
        #     "method": "private/create-order-list",
        #     "code": 10001,
        #     "result": {
        #       "result_list": [
        #         {
        #           "index": 0,
        #           "code": 0,
        #           "order_id": "2015106383706015873",
        #           "client_oid": "my_order_0001"
        #         },
        #         {
        #           "index": 1,
        #           "code": 20007,
        #           "message": "INVALID_REQUEST",
        #           "client_oid": "my_order_0002"
        #         }
        #       ]
        #     }
        # }
        #
        #   {
        #       "id" : 1698068111133,
        #       "method" : "private/create-order-list",
        #       "code" : 0,
        #       "result" : [{
        #         "code" : 0,
        #         "index" : 0,
        #         "client_oid" : "1698068111133_0",
        #         "order_id" : "6142909896519488206"
        #       }, {
        #         "code" : 306,
        #         "index" : 1,
        #         "client_oid" : "1698068111133_1",
        #         "message" : "INSUFFICIENT_AVAILABLE_BALANCE",
        #         "order_id" : "6142909896519488207"
        #       }]
        #   }
        #
        result = self.safe_value(response, 'result', [])
        listId = self.safe_string(result, 'list_id')
        if listId is not None:
            ocoOrders = [{'order_id': listId}]
            return self.parse_orders(ocoOrders)
        return self.parse_orders(result)

    def create_advanced_order_request(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
        # differs slightly from createOrderRequest
        # since the advanced order endpoint requires a different set of parameters
        # namely here we don't support ref_price or spot_margin
        # and market-buy orders need to send notional instead of quantity
        market = self.market(symbol)
        uppercaseType = type.upper()
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'side': side.upper(),
        }
        if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
            request['price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, price)
        broker = self.safe_string(self.options, 'broker', 'CCXT')
        request['broker_id'] = broker
        timeInForce = self.safe_string_upper_2(params, 'timeInForce', 'time_in_force')
        if timeInForce is not None:
            if timeInForce == 'GTC':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'GOOD_TILL_CANCEL'
            elif timeInForce == 'IOC':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'IMMEDIATE_OR_CANCEL'
            elif timeInForce == 'FOK':
                request['time_in_force'] = 'FILL_OR_KILL'
            else:
                request['time_in_force'] = timeInForce
        postOnly = self.safe_bool(params, 'postOnly', False)
        if (postOnly) or (timeInForce == 'PO'):
            request['exec_inst'] = ['POST_ONLY']
            request['time_in_force'] = 'GOOD_TILL_CANCEL'
        triggerPrice = self.safe_string_n(params, ['stopPrice', 'triggerPrice', 'ref_price'])
        stopLossPrice = self.safe_number(params, 'stopLossPrice')
        takeProfitPrice = self.safe_number(params, 'takeProfitPrice')
        isTrigger = (triggerPrice is not None)
        isStopLossTrigger = (stopLossPrice is not None)
        isTakeProfitTrigger = (takeProfitPrice is not None)
        if isTrigger:
            priceString = self.number_to_string(price)
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
                if side == 'buy':
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
                else:
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
            else:
                if side == 'buy':
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
                else:
                    if Precise.string_lt(priceString, triggerPrice):
                        request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
                    else:
                        request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
        elif isStopLossTrigger:
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LIMIT'):
                request['type'] = 'STOP_LIMIT'
            else:
                request['type'] = 'STOP_LOSS'
        elif isTakeProfitTrigger:
            if (uppercaseType == 'LIMIT') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'):
                request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'
            else:
                request['type'] = 'TAKE_PROFIT'
        else:
            request['type'] = uppercaseType
        if (side == 'buy') and ((uppercaseType == 'MARKET') or (uppercaseType == 'STOP_LOSS') or (uppercaseType == 'TAKE_PROFIT')):
            # use createmarketBuy logic here
            quoteAmount = None
            createMarketBuyOrderRequiresPrice = True
            createMarketBuyOrderRequiresPrice, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'createOrder', 'createMarketBuyOrderRequiresPrice', True)
            cost = self.safe_number_2(params, 'cost', 'notional')
            params = self.omit(params, 'cost')
            if cost is not None:
                quoteAmount = self.cost_to_precision(symbol, cost)
            elif createMarketBuyOrderRequiresPrice:
                if price is None:
                    raise InvalidOrder(self.id + ' createOrder() requires the price argument for market buy orders to calculate the total cost to spend(amount * price), alternatively set the createMarketBuyOrderRequiresPrice option or param to False and pass the cost to spend(quote quantity) in the amount argument')
                else:
                    amountString = self.number_to_string(amount)
                    priceString = self.number_to_string(price)
                    costRequest = Precise.string_mul(amountString, priceString)
                    quoteAmount = self.cost_to_precision(symbol, costRequest)
            else:
                quoteAmount = self.cost_to_precision(symbol, amount)
            request['notional'] = quoteAmount
        else:
            request['quantity'] = self.amount_to_precision(symbol, amount)
        params = self.omit(params, ['postOnly', 'clientOrderId', 'timeInForce', 'stopPrice', 'triggerPrice', 'stopLossPrice', 'takeProfitPrice'])
        return self.extend(request, params)

    async def edit_order(self, id: str, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: Num = None, price: Num = None, params={}):
        """
        edit a trade order

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-amend-order

        :param str id: order id
        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the order to edit
        :param str [type]: not used by cryptocom editOrder
        :param str [side]: not used by cryptocom editOrder
        :param float amount:(mandatory) how much of the currency you want to trade in units of the base currency
        :param float price:(mandatory) the price for the order, in units of the quote currency, ignored in market orders
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param str [params.clientOrderId]: the original client order id of the order to edit, required if id is not provided
        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        request = self.edit_order_request(id, symbol, amount, price, params)
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateAmendOrder(request)
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_order(result)

    def edit_order_request(self, id: str, symbol: str, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
        request: dict = {}
        if id is not None:
            request['order_id'] = id
        else:
            originalClientOrderId = self.safe_string_2(params, 'orig_client_oid', 'clientOrderId')
            if originalClientOrderId is None:
                raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' editOrder() requires an id argument or orig_client_oid parameter')
            else:
                request['orig_client_oid'] = originalClientOrderId
                params = self.omit(params, ['orig_client_oid', 'clientOrderId'])
        if (amount is None) or (price is None):
            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' editOrder() requires both amount and price arguments. If you do not want to change the amount or price, you should pass the original values')
        request['new_quantity'] = self.amount_to_precision(symbol, amount)
        request['new_price'] = self.price_to_precision(symbol, price)
        return self.extend(request, params)

    async def cancel_all_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
        """
        cancel all open orders

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-all-orders

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the orders to cancel
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict} Returns exchange raw message{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure:
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        request: dict = {}
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCancelAllOrders(self.extend(request, params))
        return [self.safe_order({'info': response})]

    async def cancel_order(self, id: str, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
        """
        cancels an open order

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-order

        :param str id: the order id of the order to cancel
        :param str [symbol]: unified symbol of the market the order was made in
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: An `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'order_id': id,
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCancelOrder(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686882846638,
        #         "method": "private/cancel-order",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "message": "NO_ERROR",
        #         "result": {
        #             "client_oid": "CCXT_c2d2152cc32d40a3ae7fbf",
        #             "order_id": "6142909895025252686"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_order(result, market)

    async def cancel_orders(self, ids: List[str], symbol: Str = None, params={}):
        """
        cancel multiple orders

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-order-list-list

        :param str[] ids: order ids
        :param str symbol: unified market symbol
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: an list of `order structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        if symbol is None:
            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' cancelOrders() requires a symbol argument')
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        orderRequests = []
        for i in range(0, len(ids)):
            id = ids[i]
            order: dict = {
                'instrument_name': market['id'],
                'order_id': str(id),
            }
            orderRequests.append(order)
        request: dict = {
            'contingency_type': 'LIST',
            'order_list': orderRequests,
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCancelOrderList(self.extend(request, params))
        result = self.safe_list(response, 'result', [])
        return self.parse_orders(result, market, None, None, params)

    async def cancel_orders_for_symbols(self, orders: List[CancellationRequest], params={}):
        """
        cancel multiple orders for multiple symbols

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-order-list-list

        :param CancellationRequest[] orders: each order should contain the parameters required by cancelOrder namely id and symbol, example [{"id": "a", "symbol": "BTC/USDT"}, {"id": "b", "symbol": "ETH/USDT"}]
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: an list of `order structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        orderRequests = []
        for i in range(0, len(orders)):
            order = orders[i]
            id = self.safe_string(order, 'id')
            symbol = self.safe_string(order, 'symbol')
            market = self.market(symbol)
            orderItem: dict = {
                'instrument_name': market['id'],
                'order_id': str(id),
            }
            orderRequests.append(orderItem)
        request: dict = {
            'contingency_type': 'LIST',
            'order_list': orderRequests,
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCancelOrderList(self.extend(request, params))
        result = self.safe_list(response, 'result', [])
        return self.parse_orders(result, None, None, None, params)

    async def fetch_open_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Order]:
        """
        fetch all unfilled currently open orders

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-open-orders

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch open orders for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of open order structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns Order[]: a list of `order structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        request: dict = {}
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetOpenOrders(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686806134961,
        #         "method": "private/get-open-orders",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252e63",
        #                     "order_id": "6530219477767564494",
        #                     "client_oid": "CCXT_7ce730f0388441df9bc218",
        #                     "order_type": "LIMIT",
        #                     "time_in_force": "GOOD_TILL_CANCEL",
        #                     "side": "BUY",
        #                     "exec_inst": [],
        #                     "quantity": "0.00020",
        #                     "limit_price": "20000.00",
        #                     "order_value": "4",
        #                     "avg_price": "0",
        #                     "trigger_price": "0",
        #                     "ref_price": "0",
        #                     "cumulative_quantity": "0",
        #                     "cumulative_value": "0",
        #                     "cumulative_fee": "0",
        #                     "status": "ACTIVE",
        #                     "update_user_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-gg9007252e63",
        #                     "order_date": "2023-06-15",
        #                     "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #                     "fee_instrument_name": "BTC",
        #                     "create_time": 1686806053992,
        #                     "create_time_ns": "1686806053992921880",
        #                     "update_time": 1686806053993
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        orders = self.safe_list(data, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_orders(orders, market, since, limit)

    async def fetch_my_trades(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}):
        """
        fetch all trades made by the user

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-trades

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch trades for, maximum date range is one day
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of trade structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :param boolean [params.paginate]: default False, when True will automatically paginate by calling self endpoint multiple times. See in the docs all the [availble parameters](https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#pagination-params)
        :returns Trade[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=trade-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        paginate = False
        paginate, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchMyTrades', 'paginate')
        if paginate:
            return await self.fetch_paginated_call_dynamic('fetchMyTrades', symbol, since, limit, params, 100)
        request: dict = {}
        market = None
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        if since is not None:
            request['start_time'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['limit'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_time'] = until
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetTrades(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686942003520,
        #         "method": "private/get-trades",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ds075abc-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252r63",
        #                     "event_date": "2023-06-16",
        #                     "journal_type": "TRADING",
        #                     "side": "BUY",
        #                     "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #                     "fees": "-0.0000000525",
        #                     "trade_id": "6142909898247428343",
        #                     "trade_match_id": "4611686018455978480",
        #                     "create_time": 1686941992887,
        #                     "traded_price": "26347.16",
        #                     "traded_quantity": "0.00021",
        #                     "fee_instrument_name": "BTC",
        #                     "client_oid": "d1c70a60-810e-4c92-b2a0-72b931cb31e0",
        #                     "taker_side": "TAKER",
        #                     "order_id": "6142909895036331486",
        #                     "create_time_ns": "1686941992887207066"
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        trades = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_trades(trades, market, since, limit)

    def parse_address(self, addressString):
        address = None
        tag = None
        rawTag = None
        if addressString.find('?') > 0:
            address, rawTag = addressString.split('?')
            splitted = rawTag.split('=')
            tag = splitted[1]
        else:
            address = addressString
        return [address, tag]

    async def withdraw(self, code: str, amount: float, address: str, tag: Str = None, params={}) -> Transaction:
        """
        make a withdrawal

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-create-withdrawal

        :param str code: unified currency code
        :param float amount: the amount to withdraw
        :param str address: the address to withdraw to
        :param str tag:
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `transaction structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=transaction-structure>`
        """
        tag, params = self.handle_withdraw_tag_and_params(tag, params)
        await self.load_markets()
        currency = self.safe_currency(code)  # for instance, USDC is not inferred from markets but it's still available
        request: dict = {
            'currency': currency['id'],
            'amount': amount,
            'address': address,
        }
        if tag is not None:
            request['address_tag'] = tag
        networkCode = None
        networkCode, params = self.handle_network_code_and_params(params)
        networkId = self.network_code_to_id(networkCode)
        if networkId is not None:
            request['network_id'] = networkId
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateCreateWithdrawal(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #    {
        #        "id":-1,
        #        "method":"private/create-withdrawal",
        #        "code":0,
        #        "result": {
        #            "id": 2220,
        #            "amount": 1,
        #            "fee": 0.0004,
        #            "symbol": "BTC",
        #            "address": "2NBqqD5GRJ8wHy1PYyCXTe9ke5226FhavBf",
        #            "client_wid": "my_withdrawal_002",
        #            "create_time":1607063412000
        #        }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result')
        return self.parse_transaction(result, currency)

    async def fetch_deposit_addresses_by_network(self, code: str, params={}) -> List[DepositAddress]:
        """
        fetch a dictionary of addresses for a currency, indexed by network

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-deposit-address

        :param str code: unified currency code of the currency for the deposit address
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a dictionary of `address structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=address-structure>` indexed by the network
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        currency = self.safe_currency(code)
        request: dict = {
            'currency': currency['id'],
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetDepositAddress(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1234555011221,
        #         "method": "private/get-deposit-address",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "deposit_address_list": [
        #                 {
        #                     "currency": "BTC",
        #                     "create_time": 1686730755000,
        #                     "id": "3737377",
        #                     "address": "3N9afggxTSmJ3H4jaMQuWyEiLBzZdAbK6d",
        #                     "status":"1",
        #                     "network": "BTC"
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        addresses = self.safe_list(data, 'deposit_address_list', [])
        addressesLength = len(addresses)
        if addressesLength == 0:
            raise ExchangeError(self.id + ' fetchDepositAddressesByNetwork() generating address...')
        result: dict = {}
        for i in range(0, addressesLength):
            value = self.safe_dict(addresses, i)
            addressString = self.safe_string(value, 'address')
            currencyId = self.safe_string(value, 'currency')
            responseCode = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId)
            address, tag = self.parse_address(addressString)
            self.check_address(address)
            networkId = self.safe_string(value, 'network')
            network = self.network_id_to_code(networkId, responseCode)
            result[network] = {
                'info': value,
                'currency': responseCode,
                'network': network,
                'address': address,
                'tag': tag,
            }
        return result

    async def fetch_deposit_address(self, code: str, params={}) -> DepositAddress:
        """
        fetch the deposit address for a currency associated with self account

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-deposit-address

        :param str code: unified currency code
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: an `address structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=address-structure>`
        """
        network = self.safe_string_upper(params, 'network')
        params = self.omit(params, ['network'])
        depositAddresses = await self.fetch_deposit_addresses_by_network(code, params)
        if network in depositAddresses:
            return depositAddresses[network]
        keys = list(depositAddresses.keys())
        return depositAddresses[keys[0]]

    async def fetch_deposits(self, code: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Transaction]:
        """
        fetch all deposits made to an account

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-deposit-history

        :param str code: unified currency code
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch deposits for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of deposits structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :returns dict[]: a list of `transaction structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=transaction-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        currency = None
        request: dict = {}
        if code is not None:
            currency = self.safe_currency(code)
            request['currency'] = currency['id']
        if since is not None:
            # 90 days date range
            request['start_ts'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['page_size'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_ts'] = until
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetDepositHistory(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1688701375714,
        #         "method": "private/get-deposit-history",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "deposit_list": [
        #                 {
        #                     "currency": "BTC",
        #                     "fee": 0,
        #                     "create_time": 1688023659000,
        #                     "id": "6201135",
        #                     "update_time": 1688178509000,
        #                     "amount": 0.00114571,
        #                     "address": "1234fggxTSmJ3H4jaMQuWyEiLBzZdAbK6d",
        #                     "status": "1",
        #                     "txid": "f0ae4202b76eb999c301eccdde44dc639bee42d1fdd5974105286ca3393f6065/2"
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        depositList = self.safe_list(data, 'deposit_list', [])
        return self.parse_transactions(depositList, currency, since, limit)

    async def fetch_withdrawals(self, code: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Transaction]:
        """
        fetch all withdrawals made from an account

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-withdrawal-history

        :param str code: unified currency code
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch withdrawals for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of withdrawals structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :returns dict[]: a list of `transaction structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=transaction-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        currency = None
        request: dict = {}
        if code is not None:
            currency = self.safe_currency(code)
            request['currency'] = currency['id']
        if since is not None:
            # 90 days date range
            request['start_ts'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['page_size'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_ts'] = until
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetWithdrawalHistory(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1688613879534,
        #         "method": "private/get-withdrawal-history",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "withdrawal_list": [
        #                 {
        #                     "currency": "BTC",
        #                     "client_wid": "",
        #                     "fee": 0.0005,
        #                     "create_time": 1688613850000,
        #                     "id": "5275977",
        #                     "update_time": 1688613850000,
        #                     "amount": 0.0005,
        #                     "address": "1234NMEWbiF8ZkwUMxmfzMxi2A1MQ44bMn",
        #                     "status": "1",
        #                     "txid": "",
        #                     "network_id": "BTC"
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        withdrawalList = self.safe_list(data, 'withdrawal_list', [])
        return self.parse_transactions(withdrawalList, currency, since, limit)

    def parse_ticker(self, ticker: dict, market: Market = None) -> Ticker:
        #
        # fetchTicker
        #
        #     {
        #         "i": "BTC_USD",
        #         "h": "30821.45",
        #         "l": "28685.11",
        #         "a": "30446.00",
        #         "v": "1767.8734",
        #         "vv": "52436726.42",
        #         "c": "0.0583",
        #         "b": "30442.00",
        #         "k": "30447.66",
        #         "t": 1687403045415
        #     }
        #
        # fetchTickers
        #
        #     {
        #         "i": "AVAXUSD-PERP",
        #         "h": "13.209",
        #         "l": "12.148",
        #         "a": "13.209",
        #         "v": "1109.8",
        #         "vv": "14017.33",
        #         "c": "0.0732",
        #         "b": "13.210",
        #         "k": "13.230",
        #         "oi": "10888.9",
        #         "t": 1687402657575
        #     }
        #
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(ticker, 't')
        marketId = self.safe_string(ticker, 'i')
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, '_')
        quote = self.safe_string(market, 'quote')
        last = self.safe_string(ticker, 'a')
        return self.safe_ticker({
            'symbol': market['symbol'],
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'high': self.safe_number(ticker, 'h'),
            'low': self.safe_number(ticker, 'l'),
            'bid': self.safe_number(ticker, 'b'),
            'bidVolume': None,
            'ask': self.safe_number(ticker, 'k'),
            'askVolume': None,
            'vwap': None,
            'open': None,
            'close': last,
            'last': last,
            'previousClose': None,
            'change': None,
            'percentage': self.safe_string(ticker, 'c'),
            'average': None,
            'baseVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'v'),
            'quoteVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'vv') if (quote == 'USD') else None,
            'info': ticker,
        }, market)

    def parse_trade(self, trade: dict, market: Market = None) -> Trade:
        #
        # fetchTrades
        #
        #     {
        #         "s": "sell",
        #         "p": "26386.00",
        #         "q": "0.00453",
        #         "tn": 1686944282062,
        #         "tn": 1704476468851524373,
        #         "d": "4611686018455979970",
        #         "i": "BTC_USD"
        #     }
        #
        # fetchMyTrades
        #
        #     {
        #         "account_id": "ds075abc-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252r63",
        #         "event_date": "2023-06-16",
        #         "journal_type": "TRADING",
        #         "side": "BUY",
        #         "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #         "fees": "-0.0000000525",
        #         "trade_id": "6142909898247428343",
        #         "trade_match_id": "4611686018455978480",
        #         "create_time": 1686941992887,
        #         "traded_price": "26347.16",
        #         "traded_quantity": "0.00021",
        #         "fee_instrument_name": "BTC",
        #         "client_oid": "d1c70a60-1234-4c92-b2a0-72b931cb31e0",
        #         "taker_side": "TAKER",
        #         "order_id": "6142909895036331486",
        #         "create_time_ns": "1686941992887207066"
        #     }
        #
        timestamp = self.safe_integer_2(trade, 't', 'create_time')
        marketId = self.safe_string_2(trade, 'i', 'instrument_name')
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, '_')
        feeCurrency = self.safe_string(trade, 'fee_instrument_name')
        feeCostString = self.safe_string(trade, 'fees')
        return self.safe_trade({
            'info': trade,
            'id': self.safe_string_2(trade, 'd', 'trade_id'),
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'symbol': market['symbol'],
            'order': self.safe_string(trade, 'order_id'),
            'side': self.safe_string_lower_2(trade, 's', 'side'),
            'takerOrMaker': self.safe_string_lower(trade, 'taker_side'),
            'price': self.safe_number_2(trade, 'p', 'traded_price'),
            'amount': self.safe_number_2(trade, 'q', 'traded_quantity'),
            'cost': None,
            'type': None,
            'fee': {
                'currency': self.safe_currency_code(feeCurrency),
                'cost': self.parse_number(Precise.string_neg(feeCostString)),
            },
        }, market)

    def parse_ohlcv(self, ohlcv, market: Market = None) -> list:
        #
        #     {
        #         "o": "26949.89",
        #         "h": "26957.64",
        #         "l": "26948.24",
        #         "c": "26950.00",
        #         "v": "0.0670",
        #         "t": 1687237080000
        #     }
        #
        return [
            self.safe_integer(ohlcv, 't'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'o'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'h'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'l'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'c'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'v'),
        ]

    def parse_order_status(self, status: Str):
        statuses: dict = {
            'ACTIVE': 'open',
            'CANCELED': 'canceled',
            'FILLED': 'closed',
            'REJECTED': 'rejected',
            'EXPIRED': 'expired',
        }
        return self.safe_string(statuses, status, status)

    def parse_time_in_force(self, timeInForce: Str):
        timeInForces: dict = {
            'GOOD_TILL_CANCEL': 'GTC',
            'IMMEDIATE_OR_CANCEL': 'IOC',
            'FILL_OR_KILL': 'FOK',
        }
        return self.safe_string(timeInForces, timeInForce, timeInForce)

    def parse_order(self, order: dict, market: Market = None) -> Order:
        #
        # createOrder, cancelOrder
        #
        #     {
        #         "order_id": "6540219377766741832",
        #         "client_oid": "CCXT_d6ef7c3db6c1495aa8b757"
        #     }
        #
        # fetchOpenOrders, fetchOrder, fetchOrders
        #
        #     {
        #         "account_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-ff9007252e63",
        #         "order_id": "6530219477767564494",
        #         "client_oid": "CCXT_7ce730f0388441df9bc218",
        #         "order_type": "LIMIT",
        #         "time_in_force": "GOOD_TILL_CANCEL",
        #         "side": "BUY",
        #         "exec_inst": [],
        #         "quantity": "0.00020",
        #         "limit_price": "20000.00",
        #         "order_value": "4",
        #         "avg_price": "0",
        #         "trigger_price": "0",
        #         "ref_price": "0",
        #         "cumulative_quantity": "0",
        #         "cumulative_value": "0",
        #         "cumulative_fee": "0",
        #         "status": "ACTIVE",
        #         "update_user_id": "ce075bef-1234-4321-bd6g-gg9007252e63",
        #         "order_date": "2023-06-15",
        #         "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #         "fee_instrument_name": "BTC",
        #         "create_time": 1686806053992,
        #         "create_time_ns": "1686806053992921880",
        #         "update_time": 1686806053993
        #     }
        #
        # createOrders
        #     {
        #             "code" : 306,
        #             "index" : 1,
        #             "client_oid" : "1698068111133_1",
        #             "message" : "INSUFFICIENT_AVAILABLE_BALANCE",
        #             "order_id" : "6142909896519488207"
        #     }
        #
        code = self.safe_integer(order, 'code')
        if (code is not None) and (code != 0):
            return self.safe_order({
                'id': self.safe_string(order, 'order_id'),
                'clientOrderId': self.safe_string(order, 'client_oid'),
                'info': order,
                'status': 'rejected',
            })
        created = self.safe_integer(order, 'create_time')
        marketId = self.safe_string(order, 'instrument_name')
        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId, market)
        execInst = self.safe_value(order, 'exec_inst')
        postOnly = None
        if execInst is not None:
            postOnly = False
            for i in range(0, len(execInst)):
                inst = execInst[i]
                if inst == 'POST_ONLY':
                    postOnly = True
                    break
        feeCurrency = self.safe_string(order, 'fee_instrument_name')
        return self.safe_order({
            'info': order,
            'id': self.safe_string(order, 'order_id'),
            'clientOrderId': self.safe_string(order, 'client_oid'),
            'timestamp': created,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(created),
            'lastTradeTimestamp': self.safe_integer(order, 'update_time'),
            'status': self.parse_order_status(self.safe_string(order, 'status')),
            'symbol': symbol,
            'type': self.safe_string_lower(order, 'order_type'),
            'timeInForce': self.parse_time_in_force(self.safe_string(order, 'time_in_force')),
            'postOnly': postOnly,
            'side': self.safe_string_lower(order, 'side'),
            'price': self.safe_number(order, 'limit_price'),
            'amount': self.safe_number(order, 'quantity'),
            'filled': self.safe_number(order, 'cumulative_quantity'),
            'remaining': None,
            'average': self.safe_number(order, 'avg_price'),
            'cost': self.safe_number(order, 'cumulative_value'),
            'fee': {
                'currency': self.safe_currency_code(feeCurrency),
                'cost': self.safe_number(order, 'cumulative_fee'),
            },
            'trades': [],
        }, market)

    def parse_deposit_status(self, status):
        statuses: dict = {
            '0': 'pending',
            '1': 'ok',
            '2': 'failed',
            '3': 'pending',
        }
        return self.safe_string(statuses, status, status)

    def parse_withdrawal_status(self, status):
        statuses: dict = {
            '0': 'pending',
            '1': 'pending',
            '2': 'failed',
            '3': 'pending',
            '4': 'failed',
            '5': 'ok',
            '6': 'canceled',
        }
        return self.safe_string(statuses, status, status)

    def parse_transaction(self, transaction: dict, currency: Currency = None) -> Transaction:
        #
        # fetchDeposits
        #
        #     {
        #         "currency": "BTC",
        #         "fee": 0,
        #         "create_time": 1688023659000,
        #         "id": "6201135",
        #         "update_time": 1688178509000,
        #         "amount": 0.00114571,
        #         "address": "1234fggxTSmJ3H4jaMQuWyEiLBzZdAbK6d",
        #         "status": "1",
        #         "txid": "f0ae4202b76eb999c301eccdde44dc639bee42d1fdd5974105286ca3393f6065/2"
        #     }
        #
        # fetchWithdrawals
        #
        #     {
        #         "currency": "BTC",
        #         "client_wid": "",
        #         "fee": 0.0005,
        #         "create_time": 1688613850000,
        #         "id": "5775977",
        #         "update_time": 1688613850000,
        #         "amount": 0.0005,
        #         "address": "1234NMEWbiF8ZkwUMxmfzMxi2A1MQ44bMn",
        #         "status": "1",
        #         "txid": "",
        #         "network_id": "BTC"
        #     }
        #
        # withdraw
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 2220,
        #         "amount": 1,
        #         "fee": 0.0004,
        #         "symbol": "BTC",
        #         "address": "2NBqqD5GRJ8wHy1PYyCXTe9ke5226FhavBf",
        #         "client_wid": "my_withdrawal_002",
        #         "create_time":1607063412000
        #     }
        #
        type = None
        rawStatus = self.safe_string(transaction, 'status')
        status = None
        if 'client_wid' in transaction:
            type = 'withdrawal'
            status = self.parse_withdrawal_status(rawStatus)
        else:
            type = 'deposit'
            status = self.parse_deposit_status(rawStatus)
        addressString = self.safe_string(transaction, 'address')
        address, tag = self.parse_address(addressString)
        currencyId = self.safe_string(transaction, 'currency')
        code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId, currency)
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(transaction, 'create_time')
        feeCost = self.safe_number(transaction, 'fee')
        fee = None
        if feeCost is not None:
            fee = {'currency': code, 'cost': feeCost}
        return {
            'info': transaction,
            'id': self.safe_string(transaction, 'id'),
            'txid': self.safe_string(transaction, 'txid'),
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'network': None,
            'address': address,
            'addressTo': address,
            'addressFrom': None,
            'tag': tag,
            'tagTo': tag,
            'tagFrom': None,
            'type': type,
            'amount': self.safe_number(transaction, 'amount'),
            'currency': code,
            'status': status,
            'updated': self.safe_integer(transaction, 'update_time'),
            'internal': None,
            'comment': self.safe_string(transaction, 'client_wid'),
            'fee': fee,
        }

    def custom_handle_margin_mode_and_params(self, methodName, params={}):
        """
 @ignore
        marginMode specified by params["marginMode"], self.options["marginMode"], self.options["defaultMarginMode"], params["margin"] = True or self.options["defaultType"] = 'margin'
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns Array: the marginMode in lowercase
        """
        defaultType = self.safe_string(self.options, 'defaultType')
        isMargin = self.safe_bool(params, 'margin', False)
        params = self.omit(params, 'margin')
        marginMode = None
        marginMode, params = self.handle_margin_mode_and_params(methodName, params)
        if marginMode is not None:
            if marginMode != 'cross':
                raise NotSupported(self.id + ' only cross margin is supported')
        else:
            if (defaultType == 'margin') or (isMargin is True):
                marginMode = 'cross'
        return [marginMode, params]

    def parse_deposit_withdraw_fee(self, fee, currency: Currency = None):
        #
        #    {
        #        "full_name": "Alchemix",
        #        "default_network": "ETH",
        #        "network_list": [
        #          {
        #            "network_id": "ETH",
        #            "withdrawal_fee": "0.25000000",
        #            "withdraw_enabled": True,
        #            "min_withdrawal_amount": "0.5",
        #            "deposit_enabled": True,
        #            "confirmation_required": "0"
        #          }
        #        ]
        #    }
        #
        networkList = self.safe_list(fee, 'network_list', [])
        networkListLength = len(networkList)
        result: dict = {
            'info': fee,
            'withdraw': {
                'fee': None,
                'percentage': None,
            },
            'deposit': {
                'fee': None,
                'percentage': None,
            },
            'networks': {},
        }
        if networkList is not None:
            for i in range(0, networkListLength):
                networkInfo = networkList[i]
                networkId = self.safe_string(networkInfo, 'network_id')
                currencyCode = self.safe_string(currency, 'code')
                networkCode = self.network_id_to_code(networkId, currencyCode)
                result['networks'][networkCode] = {
                    'deposit': {'fee': None, 'percentage': None},
                    'withdraw': {'fee': self.safe_number(networkInfo, 'withdrawal_fee'), 'percentage': False},
                }
                if networkListLength == 1:
                    result['withdraw']['fee'] = self.safe_number(networkInfo, 'withdrawal_fee')
                    result['withdraw']['percentage'] = False
        return result

    async def fetch_deposit_withdraw_fees(self, codes: Strings = None, params={}):
        """
        fetch deposit and withdraw fees

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-currency-networks

        :param str[]|None codes: list of unified currency codes
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a list of `fee structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=fee-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetCurrencyNetworks(params)
        data = self.safe_value(response, 'result')
        currencyMap = self.safe_list(data, 'currency_map')
        return self.parse_deposit_withdraw_fees(currencyMap, codes, 'full_name')

    async def fetch_ledger(self, code: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[LedgerEntry]:
        """
        fetch the history of changes, actions done by the user or operations that altered the balance of the user

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-transactions

        :param str [code]: unified currency code
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest ledger entry
        :param int [limit]: max number of ledger entries to return
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :returns dict: a `ledger structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=ledger-entry-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        request: dict = {}
        currency = None
        if code is not None:
            currency = self.safe_currency(code)
        if since is not None:
            request['start_time'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['limit'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_time'] = until
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetTransactions(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1686813195698,
        #         "method": "private/get-transactions",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ce075cef-1234-4321-bd6e-gf9007351e64",
        #                     "event_date": "2023-06-15",
        #                     "journal_type": "TRADING",
        #                     "journal_id": "6530219460124075091",
        #                     "transaction_qty": "6.0091224",
        #                     "transaction_cost": "6.0091224",
        #                     "realized_pnl": "0",
        #                     "order_id": "6530219477766741833",
        #                     "trade_id": "6530219495775954765",
        #                     "trade_match_id": "4611686018455865176",
        #                     "event_timestamp_ms": 1686804665013,
        #                     "event_timestamp_ns": "1686804665013642422",
        #                     "client_oid": "CCXT_d6ea7c5db6c1495aa8b758",
        #                     "taker_side": "",
        #                     "side": "BUY",
        #                     "instrument_name": "USD"
        #                 },
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        ledger = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_ledger(ledger, currency, since, limit)

    def parse_ledger_entry(self, item: dict, currency: Currency = None) -> LedgerEntry:
        #
        #     {
        #         "account_id": "ce075cef-1234-4321-bd6e-gf9007351e64",
        #         "event_date": "2023-06-15",
        #         "journal_type": "TRADING",
        #         "journal_id": "6530219460124075091",
        #         "transaction_qty": "6.0091224",
        #         "transaction_cost": "6.0091224",
        #         "realized_pnl": "0",
        #         "order_id": "6530219477766741833",
        #         "trade_id": "6530219495775954765",
        #         "trade_match_id": "4611686018455865176",
        #         "event_timestamp_ms": 1686804665013,
        #         "event_timestamp_ns": "1686804665013642422",
        #         "client_oid": "CCXT_d6ea7c5db6c1495aa8b758",
        #         "taker_side": "",
        #         "side": "BUY",
        #         "instrument_name": "USD"
        #     }
        #
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(item, 'event_timestamp_ms')
        currencyId = self.safe_string(item, 'instrument_name')
        code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId, currency)
        currency = self.safe_currency(currencyId, currency)
        amount = self.safe_string(item, 'transaction_qty')
        direction = None
        if Precise.string_lt(amount, '0'):
            direction = 'out'
            amount = Precise.string_abs(amount)
        else:
            direction = 'in'
        return self.safe_ledger_entry({
            'info': item,
            'id': self.safe_string(item, 'order_id'),
            'direction': direction,
            'account': self.safe_string(item, 'account_id'),
            'referenceId': self.safe_string(item, 'trade_id'),
            'referenceAccount': self.safe_string(item, 'trade_match_id'),
            'type': self.parse_ledger_entry_type(self.safe_string(item, 'journal_type')),
            'currency': code,
            'amount': self.parse_number(amount),
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'before': None,
            'after': None,
            'status': None,
            'fee': {
                'currency': None,
                'cost': None,
            },
        }, currency)

    def parse_ledger_entry_type(self, type):
        ledgerType: dict = {
            'TRADING': 'trade',
            'TRADE_FEE': 'fee',
            'WITHDRAW_FEE': 'fee',
            'WITHDRAW': 'withdrawal',
            'DEPOSIT': 'deposit',
            'ROLLBACK_WITHDRAW': 'rollback',
            'ROLLBACK_DEPOSIT': 'rollback',
            'FUNDING': 'fee',
            'REALIZED_PNL': 'trade',
            'INSURANCE_FUND': 'insurance',
            'SOCIALIZED_LOSS': 'trade',
            'LIQUIDATION_FEE': 'fee',
            'SESSION_RESET': 'reset',
            'ADJUSTMENT': 'adjustment',
            'SESSION_SETTLE': 'settlement',
            'UNCOVERED_LOSS': 'trade',
            'ADMIN_ADJUSTMENT': 'adjustment',
            'DELIST': 'delist',
            'SETTLEMENT_FEE': 'fee',
            'AUTO_CONVERSION': 'conversion',
            'MANUAL_CONVERSION': 'conversion',
        }
        return self.safe_string(ledgerType, type, type)

    async def fetch_accounts(self, params={}) -> List[Account]:
        """
        fetch all the accounts associated with a profile

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-accounts

        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a dictionary of `account structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=account-structure>` indexed by the account type
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetAccounts(params)
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1234567894321,
        #         "method": "private/get-accounts",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "master_account": {
        #                 "uuid": "a1234abc-1234-4321-q5r7-b1ab0a0b12b",
        #                 "user_uuid": "a1234abc-1234-4321-q5r7-b1ab0a0b12b",
        #                 "enabled": True,
        #                 "tradable": True,
        #                 "name": "YOUR_NAME",
        #                 "country_code": "CAN",
        #                 "phone_country_code": "CAN",
        #                 "incorp_country_code": "",
        #                 "margin_access": "DEFAULT",
        #                 "derivatives_access": "DEFAULT",
        #                 "create_time": 1656445188000,
        #                 "update_time": 1660794567262,
        #                 "two_fa_enabled": True,
        #                 "kyc_level": "ADVANCED",
        #                 "suspended": False,
        #                 "terminated": False,
        #                 "spot_enabled": False,
        #                 "margin_enabled": False,
        #                 "derivatives_enabled": False
        #             },
        #             "sub_account_list": []
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        masterAccount = self.safe_dict(result, 'master_account', {})
        accounts = self.safe_list(result, 'sub_account_list', [])
        accounts.append(masterAccount)
        return self.parse_accounts(accounts, params)

    def parse_account(self, account):
        #
        #     {
        #         "uuid": "a1234abc-1234-4321-q5r7-b1ab0a0b12b",
        #         "user_uuid": "a1234abc-1234-4321-q5r7-b1ab0a0b12b",
        #         "master_account_uuid": "a1234abc-1234-4321-q5r7-b1ab0a0b12b",
        #         "label": "FORMER_MASTER_MARGIN",
        #         "enabled": True,
        #         "tradable": True,
        #         "name": "YOUR_NAME",
        #         "country_code": "YOUR_COUNTRY_CODE",
        #         "incorp_country_code": "",
        #         "margin_access": "DEFAULT",
        #         "derivatives_access": "DEFAULT",
        #         "create_time": 1656481992000,
        #         "update_time": 1667272884594,
        #         "two_fa_enabled": False,
        #         "kyc_level": "ADVANCED",
        #         "suspended": False,
        #         "terminated": False,
        #         "spot_enabled": False,
        #         "margin_enabled": False,
        #         "derivatives_enabled": False,
        #         "system_label": "FORMER_MASTER_MARGIN"
        #     }
        #
        return {
            'id': self.safe_string(account, 'uuid'),
            'type': self.safe_string(account, 'label'),
            'code': None,
            'info': account,
        }

    async def fetch_settlement_history(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}):
        """
        fetches historical settlement records

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-expired-settlement-price

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the settlement history
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms
        :param int [limit]: number of records
        :param dict [params]: exchange specific params
        :param int [params.type]: 'future', 'option'
        :returns dict[]: a list of `settlement history objects <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=settlement-history-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = None
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
        type = None
        type, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params('fetchSettlementHistory', market, params)
        self.check_required_argument('fetchSettlementHistory', type, 'type', ['future', 'option', 'WARRANT', 'FUTURE'])
        if type == 'option':
            type = 'WARRANT'
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_type': type.upper(),
        }
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetExpiredSettlementPrice(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-expired-settlement-price",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "i": "BTCUSD-230526",
        #                     "x": 1685088000000,
        #                     "v": "26464.1",
        #                     "t": 1685087999500
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        settlements = self.parse_settlements(data, market)
        sorted = self.sort_by(settlements, 'timestamp')
        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(sorted, symbol, since, limit)

    def parse_settlement(self, settlement, market):
        #
        #     {
        #         "i": "BTCUSD-230526",
        #         "x": 1685088000000,
        #         "v": "26464.1",
        #         "t": 1685087999500
        #     }
        #
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(settlement, 'x')
        marketId = self.safe_string(settlement, 'i')
        return {
            'info': settlement,
            'symbol': self.safe_symbol(marketId, market),
            'price': self.safe_number(settlement, 'v'),
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
        }

    def parse_settlements(self, settlements, market):
        #
        #     [
        #         {
        #             "i": "BTCUSD-230526",
        #             "x": 1685088000000,
        #             "v": "26464.1",
        #             "t": 1685087999500
        #         }
        #     ]
        #
        result = []
        for i in range(0, len(settlements)):
            result.append(self.parse_settlement(settlements[i], market))
        return result

    async def fetch_funding_rate(self, symbol: str, params={}):
        """
        fetches historical funding rates

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-valuations

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the funding rate history for
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of `funding rate structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=funding-rate-history-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        if not market['swap']:
            raise BadSymbol(self.id + ' fetchFundingRate() supports swap contracts only')
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'valuation_type': 'estimated_funding_rate',
            'count': 1,
        }
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetValuations(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-valuations",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "v": "-0.000001884",
        #                     "t": 1687892400000
        #                 },
        #             ],
        #             "instrument_name": "BTCUSD-PERP"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        entry = self.safe_dict(data, 0, {})
        return self.parse_funding_rate(entry, market)

    def parse_funding_rate(self, contract, market: Market = None) -> FundingRate:
        #
        #                 {
        #                     "v": "-0.000001884",
        #                     "t": 1687892400000
        #                 },
        #
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(contract, 't')
        fundingTimestamp = None
        if timestamp is not None:
            fundingTimestamp = int(math.ceil(timestamp / 3600000)) * 3600000  # end of the next hour
        return {
            'info': contract,
            'symbol': self.safe_symbol(None, market),
            'markPrice': None,
            'indexPrice': None,
            'interestRate': None,
            'estimatedSettlePrice': None,
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'fundingRate': self.safe_number(contract, 'v'),
            'fundingTimestamp': fundingTimestamp,
            'fundingDatetime': self.iso8601(fundingTimestamp),
            'nextFundingRate': None,
            'nextFundingTimestamp': None,
            'nextFundingDatetime': None,
            'previousFundingRate': None,
            'previousFundingTimestamp': None,
            'previousFundingDatetime': None,
            'interval': '1h',
        }

    async def fetch_funding_rate_history(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}):
        """
        fetches historical funding rates

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#public-get-valuations

        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the funding rate history for
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest funding rate to fetch
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of [funding rate structures] to fetch
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param int [params.until]: timestamp in ms for the ending date filter, default is the current time
        :param boolean [params.paginate]: default False, when True will automatically paginate by calling self endpoint multiple times. See in the docs all the [availble parameters](https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#pagination-params)
        :returns dict[]: a list of `funding rate structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=funding-rate-history-structure>`
        """
        if symbol is None:
            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' fetchFundingRateHistory() requires a symbol argument')
        await self.load_markets()
        paginate = False
        paginate, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'fetchFundingRateHistory', 'paginate')
        if paginate:
            return await self.fetch_paginated_call_deterministic('fetchFundingRateHistory', symbol, since, limit, '8h', params)
        market = self.market(symbol)
        if not market['swap']:
            raise BadSymbol(self.id + ' fetchFundingRateHistory() supports swap contracts only')
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'valuation_type': 'funding_hist',
        }
        if since is not None:
            request['start_ts'] = since
        if limit is not None:
            request['count'] = limit
        until = self.safe_integer(params, 'until')
        params = self.omit(params, ['until'])
        if until is not None:
            request['end_ts'] = until
        response = await self.v1PublicGetPublicGetValuations(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": -1,
        #         "method": "public/get-valuations",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "v": "-0.000001884",
        #                     "t": 1687892400000
        #                 },
        #             ],
        #             "instrument_name": "BTCUSD-PERP"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        marketId = self.safe_string(result, 'instrument_name')
        rates = []
        for i in range(0, len(data)):
            entry = data[i]
            timestamp = self.safe_integer(entry, 't')
            rates.append({
                'info': entry,
                'symbol': self.safe_symbol(marketId, market),
                'fundingRate': self.safe_number(entry, 'v'),
                'timestamp': timestamp,
                'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            })
        sorted = self.sort_by(rates, 'timestamp')
        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(sorted, market['symbol'], since, limit)

    async def fetch_position(self, symbol: str, params={}):
        """
        fetch data on a single open contract trade position

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-positions

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market the position is held in
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `position structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=position-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetPositions(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1688015952050,
        #         "method": "private/get-positions",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ce075bef-b600-4277-bd6e-ff9007251e63",
        #                     "quantity": "0.0001",
        #                     "cost": "3.02392",
        #                     "open_pos_cost": "3.02392",
        #                     "open_position_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #                     "session_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #                     "update_timestamp_ms": 1688015919091,
        #                     "instrument_name": "BTCUSD-PERP",
        #                     "type": "PERPETUAL_SWAP"
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        data = self.safe_list(result, 'data', [])
        return self.parse_position(self.safe_dict(data, 0), market)

    async def fetch_positions(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> List[Position]:
        """
        fetch all open positions

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-positions

        :param str[]|None symbols: list of unified market symbols
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of `position structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=position-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
        request: dict = {}
        market = None
        if symbols is not None:
            symbol = None
            if isinstance(symbols, list):
                symbolsLength = len(symbols)
                if symbolsLength > 1:
                    raise BadRequest(self.id + ' fetchPositions() symbols argument cannot contain more than 1 symbol')
                symbol = symbols[0]
            else:
                symbol = symbols
            market = self.market(symbol)
            request['instrument_name'] = market['id']
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetPositions(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #     {
        #         "id": 1688015952050,
        #         "method": "private/get-positions",
        #         "code": 0,
        #         "result": {
        #             "data": [
        #                 {
        #                     "account_id": "ce075bef-b600-4277-bd6e-ff9007251e63",
        #                     "quantity": "0.0001",
        #                     "cost": "3.02392",
        #                     "open_pos_cost": "3.02392",
        #                     "open_position_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #                     "session_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #                     "update_timestamp_ms": 1688015919091,
        #                     "instrument_name": "BTCUSD-PERP",
        #                     "type": "PERPETUAL_SWAP"
        #                 }
        #             ]
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        responseResult = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        positions = self.safe_list(responseResult, 'data', [])
        result = []
        for i in range(0, len(positions)):
            entry = positions[i]
            marketId = self.safe_string(entry, 'instrument_name')
            marketInner = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, 'contract')
            result.append(self.parse_position(entry, marketInner))
        return self.filter_by_array_positions(result, 'symbol', None, False)

    def parse_position(self, position: dict, market: Market = None):
        #
        #     {
        #         "account_id": "ce075bef-b600-4277-bd6e-ff9007251e63",
        #         "quantity": "0.0001",
        #         "cost": "3.02392",
        #         "open_pos_cost": "3.02392",
        #         "open_position_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #         "session_pnl": "-0.0010281328",
        #         "update_timestamp_ms": 1688015919091,
        #         "instrument_name": "BTCUSD-PERP",
        #         "type": "PERPETUAL_SWAP"
        #     }
        #
        marketId = self.safe_string(position, 'instrument_name')
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, None, 'contract')
        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId, market, None, 'contract')
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(position, 'update_timestamp_ms')
        amount = self.safe_string(position, 'quantity')
        return self.safe_position({
            'info': position,
            'id': None,
            'symbol': symbol,
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'hedged': None,
            'side': 'buy' if Precise.string_gt(amount, '0') else 'sell',
            'contracts': Precise.string_abs(amount),
            'contractSize': market['contractSize'],
            'entryPrice': None,
            'markPrice': None,
            'notional': None,
            'leverage': None,
            'collateral': self.safe_number(position, 'open_pos_cost'),
            'initialMargin': self.safe_number(position, 'cost'),
            'maintenanceMargin': None,
            'initialMarginPercentage': None,
            'maintenanceMarginPercentage': None,
            'unrealizedPnl': self.safe_number(position, 'open_position_pnl'),
            'liquidationPrice': None,
            'marginMode': None,
            'percentage': None,
            'marginRatio': None,
            'stopLossPrice': None,
            'takeProfitPrice': None,
        })

    def nonce(self):
        return self.milliseconds()

    def params_to_string(self, object, level):
        maxLevel = 3
        if level >= maxLevel:
            return str(object)
        if isinstance(object, str):
            return object
        returnString = ''
        paramsKeys = None
        if isinstance(object, list):
            paramsKeys = object
        else:
            sorted = self.keysort(object)
            paramsKeys = list(sorted.keys())
        for i in range(0, len(paramsKeys)):
            key = paramsKeys[i]
            returnString += key
            value = object[key]
            if value == 'None':
                returnString += 'None'
            elif isinstance(value, list):
                for j in range(0, len(value)):
                    returnString += self.params_to_string(value[j], level + 1)
            else:
                returnString += str(value)
        return returnString

    async def close_position(self, symbol: str, side: OrderSide = None, params={}) -> Order:
        """
        closes open positions for a market

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-close-position

        :param str symbol: Unified CCXT market symbol
        :param str [side]: not used by cryptocom.closePositions
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the okx api endpoint

 EXCHANGE SPECIFIC PARAMETERS
        :param str [params.type]: LIMIT or MARKET
        :param number [params.price]: for limit orders only
        :returns dict[]: `A list of position structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=position-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
            'type': 'MARKET',
        }
        type = self.safe_string_upper(params, 'type')
        price = self.safe_string(params, 'price')
        if type is not None:
            request['type'] = type
        if price is not None:
            request['price'] = self.price_to_precision(market['symbol'], price)
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateClosePosition(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #    {
        #        "id" : 1700830813298,
        #        "method" : "private/close-position",
        #        "code" : 0,
        #        "result" : {
        #            "client_oid" : "179a909d-5614-655b-0d0e-9e85c9a25c85",
        #            "order_id" : "6142909897021751347"
        #        }
        #    }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result')
        return self.parse_order(result, market)

    async def fetch_trading_fee(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> TradingFeeInterface:
        """
        fetch the trading fees for a market

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-instrument-fee-rate

        :param str symbol: unified market symbol
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `fee structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=fee-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        request: dict = {
            'instrument_name': market['id'],
        }
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetInstrumentFeeRate(self.extend(request, params))
        #
        #    {
        #        "id": 1,
        #        "code": 0,
        #        "method": "private/staking/unstake",
        #        "result": {
        #          "staking_id": "1",
        #          "instrument_name": "SOL.staked",
        #          "status": "NEW",
        #          "quantity": "1",
        #          "underlying_inst_name": "SOL",
        #          "reason": "NO_ERROR"
        #        }
        #    }
        #
        data = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_trading_fee(data, market)

    async def fetch_trading_fees(self, params={}) -> TradingFees:
        """

        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-get-fee-rate

        fetch the trading fees for multiple markets
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a dictionary of `fee structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/?id=fee-structure>` indexed by market symbols
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        response = await self.v1PrivatePostPrivateGetFeeRate(params)
        #
        #   {
        #       "id": 1,
        #       "method": "/private/get-fee-rate",
        #       "code": 0,
        #       "result": {
        #         "spot_tier": "3",
        #         "deriv_tier": "3",
        #         "effective_spot_maker_rate_bps": "6.5",
        #         "effective_spot_taker_rate_bps": "6.9",
        #         "effective_deriv_maker_rate_bps": "1.1",
        #         "effective_deriv_taker_rate_bps": "3"
        #       }
        #   }
        #
        result = self.safe_dict(response, 'result', {})
        return self.parse_trading_fees(result)

    def parse_trading_fees(self, response):
        #
        # {
        #         "spot_tier": "3",
        #         "deriv_tier": "3",
        #         "effective_spot_maker_rate_bps": "6.5",
        #         "effective_spot_taker_rate_bps": "6.9",
        #         "effective_deriv_maker_rate_bps": "1.1",
        #         "effective_deriv_taker_rate_bps": "3"
        #  }
        #
        result: dict = {}
        result['info'] = response
        for i in range(0, len(self.symbols)):
            symbol = self.symbols[i]
            market = self.market(symbol)
            isSwap = market['swap']
            takerFeeKey = 'effective_deriv_taker_rate_bps' if isSwap else 'effective_spot_taker_rate_bps'
            makerFeeKey = 'effective_deriv_maker_rate_bps' if isSwap else 'effective_spot_maker_rate_bps'
            tradingFee = {
                'info': response,
                'symbol': symbol,
                'maker': self.parse_number(Precise.string_div(self.safe_string(response, makerFeeKey), '10000')),
                'taker': self.parse_number(Precise.string_div(self.safe_string(response, takerFeeKey), '10000')),
                'percentage': None,
                'tierBased': None,
            }
            result[symbol] = tradingFee
        return result

    def parse_trading_fee(self, fee: dict, market: Market = None) -> TradingFeeInterface:
        #
        # {
        #      "instrument_name": "BTC_USD",
        #      "effective_maker_rate_bps": "6.5",
        #      "effective_taker_rate_bps": "6.9"
        # }
        #
        marketId = self.safe_string(fee, 'instrument_name')
        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId, market)
        return {
            'info': fee,
            'symbol': symbol,
            'maker': self.parse_number(Precise.string_div(self.safe_string(fee, 'effective_maker_rate_bps'), '10000')),
            'taker': self.parse_number(Precise.string_div(self.safe_string(fee, 'effective_taker_rate_bps'), '10000')),
            'percentage': None,
            'tierBased': None,
        }

    def sign(self, path, api='public', method='GET', params={}, headers=None, body=None):
        type = self.safe_string(api, 0)
        access = self.safe_string(api, 1)
        url = self.urls['api'][type] + '/' + path
        query = self.omit(params, self.extract_params(path))
        if access == 'public':
            if query:
                url += '?' + self.urlencode(query)
        else:
            self.check_required_credentials()
            nonce = str(self.nonce())
            requestParams = self.extend({}, params)
            paramsKeys = list(requestParams.keys())
            strSortKey = self.params_to_string(requestParams, 0)
            payload = path + nonce + self.apiKey + strSortKey + nonce
            signature = self.hmac(self.encode(payload), self.encode(self.secret), hashlib.sha256)
            paramsKeysLength = len(paramsKeys)
            body = self.json({
                'id': nonce,
                'method': path,
                'params': params,
                'api_key': self.apiKey,
                'sig': signature,
                'nonce': nonce,
            })
            # fix issue https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/issues/11179
            # php always encodes dictionaries
            # if an array is empty, php will put it in square brackets
            # python and js will put it in curly brackets
            # the code below checks and replaces those brackets in empty requests
            if paramsKeysLength == 0:
                paramsString = '{}'
                arrayString = '[]'
                body = body.replace(arrayString, paramsString)
            headers = {
                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            }
        return {'url': url, 'method': method, 'body': body, 'headers': headers}

    def handle_errors(self, code: int, reason: str, url: str, method: str, headers: dict, body: str, response, requestHeaders, requestBody):
        errorCode = self.safe_string(response, 'code')
        if errorCode != '0':
            feedback = self.id + ' ' + body
            self.throw_exactly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['exact'], errorCode, feedback)
            raise ExchangeError(self.id + ' ' + body)
        return None
